Auditory hallucinations happen when you hear voices or noises that don't exist in reality. [1] Supporting spacecraft included the Soyuz T, Progress, and TKS spacecraft.[1]. Based on actual events. In 1985 one of the most audacious space rescue missions was launched by the Soviets to recover a space station that had been dead for months due to an unknown fault. A feat that was unparalleled in space exploration and rewrote the books on what was thought possible: and yet, its story has fallen into obscurity and conspiracy theories. It was aloft for eight years and ten months (a record not broken until Mir), during which time it was visited by 10 crews constituting six main expeditions and four secondary flights (including French and Indian cosmonauts). The cosmonauts stated the angels had a wingspan akin to the size of 747 jets, and were eighty feet tall. After hard docking to the station and confirming the station's electrical system was dead, Dzhanibekov and Savinykh sampled the station atmosphere prior to opening the hatch. Considering that this time they had again all seen the same thing, it appeared that there was perhaps something more going on beyond simple hallucinations. Although the seven angels witnessed by the Soviet cosmonauts had very distinct features, they essentially appeared out of nowhere. Enter the Space & Beyond Box Photo Contest! That plot possibly originates in a similar theory set forth by The Battle for Salyut: A Space Detective, a Russian documentary that was created by a media branch of Roskosmos. This was also the day that the group reported strange lights and beings. A set of modifications to the interior made it more liveable. The film ends with a fictitious scene showing Challenger rendezvousing with the Salyut 7 station and the astronauts onboard saluting the cosmonauts on Salyut 7 who were on an emergency EVA to fix the station's solar sensor. Newest comments appear first, oldest at the bottom. Salyut, variously translated as salute or firework, was a Soviet program that ran from 1971 to 1986 and included the worlds first space station, Salyut 1. The video below is a light-hearted look at some of the better-known predictions of the end of the world and life as we know it. Half the sky), by Bartek Biedrzycki (first published 2018), collected in Zimne wiato gwiazd in 2020. The most rational and scientific answer is that these cosmonauts experienced what they had suspected in the beginning, which is some sort of mass hallucination or madness brought on by the demanding stresses, fatigue, and the harsh conditions of space. Indeed, the film opens with a (partially fictionalized) depiction of her famous spacewalk. Kovalyonok, on Salyut-6, again collided with an unidentified object in 1981. . 90-102. Many of those who lean towards religious thinking will most likely say that the arrival of seven angels is bad. And so being the first woman in history to do so and scoring a major Soviet propaganda victory. Time Traveler to Run for President and Reveal the Technology, Some of the Strangest Cases of Hauntings: From Loch Ness to Ancient Warriors, Ghost Photos and Encounters from England's Haunted Wellington Pier, A Creepy Cemetery, a Vampire, and the Bizarre Feud Between Two Wizard Vampire Hunters. Getting into more fringe ideas is that these were actual, literal angels, and that their appearance heralded some sort of prophetic information, or that it was even a portent of the Biblical end of the world. The Salyut 7 Incident - Space Hallucinations, Or The Watchers? Salyut 7 went silent. Certainly ranking among these mysteries is a curious close encounter between some of the first people in space and, well, something else. Above all else, we respect everyone's opinions and ALL religious beliefs and creeds. Gennadys observation lasted about 7 seconds, then the object evaporated. Space is often touted as the last frontier, the final wilderness that we have yet to tame or understand, and in many ways this is very true. Salyut 7 was a second-generation Soviet space station. Counter: 27033. There were also four visiting missions, crews which came to bring supplies and make shorter duration visits with the resident crews. Launched in April 1982, the Salyut 7 Space Station locked into Earths orbit soon after. Image size . They were floating above the Earth and swimming through the eternal ocean of space. Salyut 7 was the last of the Salyut stations, remaining in space for six years after initially going dark. Whats more, these events happened on two separate occasions, removing the possibility they were victims of some freak visual occurrence. This malfunctioning sensor was designed to stop the batteries from overcharging. The backup hardware for the Salyut program could be used and a series of missions were planned for the station that would become known as Salyut-7. Bas sur des faits rels. To understand how to move in a state of weightlessness, how the body behaves, it was necessary to feel weightlessness. One way or another, people will find out about it in the future. "The #Salyut 7 Incident - Space Hallucinations, Or The Watchers? Critical provision like water were all frozen and any number of essential life-support systems might have been damaged, ground control werent even sure if it was safe for the crew to be on board. The modules were called "Heavy Kosmos modules" though in reality were variants of the TKS spacecraft intended for the cancelled Almaz military space station. In more recent years with the rise of the Internet, the story has spread much further. They were floating above the Earth and swimming through the eternal ocean of space. Although the incident did make the international news, there was no real seriousness in the reports the incident soon forgotten. 11 years later, documents and photographs of unknown spots that occurred in space were announced. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Three months into its third year above the planet, the mission had begun to experience a multitude of system failures. At least do a little bit of research and you would have found that. There are claims of NASA whistle-blowers who state that these angels regularly appear in photographs of the Hubble telescope. In July 1984, Russian cosmonauts aboard the Sovie space station Salyut 7 were on day 155 of their mission. In 1978 the Soviet Salyut-6 exceeded the long-standing Skylab record when its first crew passed 96 days in orbit. The Space Race of the 1960s and 70s was measured in a growing of competitive record-breaking missions. It was not artificial because an artificial object couldnt attain this form. With handheld air quality tests, they quickly checked for carbon monoxide and other dangerous gases that could indicate a fire onboard. The first crew on Mir travelled in the Soyuz to Salyut, to collect and transfer valuable equipment: the only time a station-to-station crew transfer has taken place to date. In July of 1984, the Salyut 7 was on the 155th day of its mission and things were going in a routine fashion until there was a sudden transmission from cosmonauts Commander Oleg Atkov, Vladmir Solovyov, and Leonid Kizim in which they claimed that the space station had suddenly been surrounded by an oppressive, blinding orange light. Workers in the TsUP (the Soviet version of NASAs Mission Control) noted that an overcurrent had tripped a circuit breaker, which shut down the station's primary long-range radio transmitter. The event witnessed not by a single person, but six individuals all claiming to have seen the same thing. I dont know of anything that can make this movement tightening, then expanding, pulsating. So might the angels that the crew of the Salyut 7 witnessed in 1984 have been such a warning? You can see a very short clip of this feat below. All of its water supplies had frozen. We hope to challenge issues which have captured the publics imagination, from JFK and UFOs to 9/11. At first, they believed there must have been an explosion and consequently the orange glow was, in fact, a fire. Last chance to join our 2020 Costa Rica Star Party! The Salyut 7 would end up staying in orbit for a total of 8 years and 10 months, which up until that time was the longest such a station had ever remained in continuous orbit. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Subscribe to our free weekly newsletter to receive the latest articles directly in your inbox. Then the angels disappeared, as quickly and as quietly as they had arrived. The first attempt to launch Soyuz T-10 was aborted on the launch pad when a fire broke out at the base of the vehicle. There were approximately 20 windows with shades on the Salyut 7. Some consider these angels to be The Watchers, who perhaps feature most prominently in the Book of Enoch. As bizarre as some of these claims might be, they make for some interesting theories. But Salyut-7 would also suffer a series of strange malfunctions, and become the scene of a desperate rescue at orbital velocity. Claims that two Challenger missions (STS-41G in October 1984 and STS-51B in April-May 1985) approached Salyut-7 are equally unfounded. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. He would say of what he saw thus: The ET was standing upright in the Space Shuttle Payload Bay having a discussion with TWO tethered US NASA Astronauts. The station also saw two flights of Svetlana Savitskaya making her the second woman in space since Valentina Tereshkova first flew in June 1963 and the first woman to perform an EVA during which she conducted metal cutting and welding alongside her colleague Vladimir Dzhanibekov. We take care of filtering profanity as much as we can. In the presence of an extraterrestrial race, astronauts felt calm and serenity. For that, I credit Nickolai Belakovski for his article "The little-known Soviet mission to rescue a dead space station" which can be found on the Ars Technica website. Soviet spacecraft usually depended on an automated docking system, but that relied on computers aboard both vessels being in constant communication with each other. Salyut 7 went silent. The premiere of the full (two-hour) version of the film took place on August 18, 2017 at the opening of the V Russian short film festival In short in the city of Kaliningrad. Due to the sub-zero temperature, the two cosmonauts donned wool hats and heavy winter coats. In February 1985, after hosting three cosmonaut crews (including one that stayed for 237 days, a record at the time), the vacant Salyut 7 space station started to experience trouble. Subscribe to our free newsletter and join our subscribers. Activity Log Attired in winter fur-lined clothing, they entered the station to conduct repairs. Once the batteries charged up, Dzhanibekov and Savinykh began to bring Salyut 7s vital systems back online. In the spring of 1993, video footage was made showing the movement of a luminous flying vehicle. He also claims that the government has regular dealings with these creatures and that it is all kept top secret. View our Privacy Policy. Considering the thick secrecy surrounding the odd events, the story did not really get any wider coverage until after the Cold War, but when it did get out it immediately ignited a firestorm of debate and speculation as to what the cosmonauts had really seen. Plus, the cosmonauts were working in Earth orbit, while Apollo 13 astronauts Jim Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise were fighting to get home from the depths of cislunar space. The #Salyut 7 Incident - Space Hallucinations, Or The Watchers? 2023 Astronomy Calendar & Observer's Handbook, Artemis: Inside NASAs plan to return to the Moon, Did static electricity not Gus Grissom blow the hatch of the. The cosmonauts captured some clots of sparkling spots that took off from the capital of Russia. For the film, see. We publish books on both Kindle and paperback. More recently, in 2008 a former member of the Space Shuttle Fleet named Clark C. McClelland came forward to claim that he had years earlier observed a similar being while looking over some monitors of a space shuttle mission at the Kennedy Space Center while on duty at the Launch Control Center (LCC). Director Klim Shipenko Writers Aleksey Samolyotov (idea) Aleksey Chupov Natasha Merkulova Stars Vladimir Vdovichenkov Pavel Derevyanko Aleksandr Samoylenko The Soyuz was a 3 man craft but with just 2 crew, the third seat and with the automatic docking system removed completely there was enough room for extra supplies, food and water and more fuel for the extended mission. Salyut had previously been supplied using the Progress spacecraft, a derivative of Soyuz that still travels to the International Space Station today. One that exists in the universe and that can manifest itself in many different ways. February 14, 2021 | Full Review. Baffled by what they had all just seen, the three cosmonauts had a heated discussion on what the beings were and what rational explanation could account for it, but they could come up with nothing. Using the laser rangefinder to align with the docking port, the crew matched the rotation of their craft to Salyut, and then slowly approached, to contact and dock. They helped engineers develop technology necessary to build Mir. If you don't like what you read you can unsubscribe at any time. View our Privacy Policy. The first problem was how do you dock with a dead space station that used an automatic powered docking system. While it is a stretch admittedly that this might be the case, it is an interesting point to consider. David Icke speaks of the force behind the reptilian bloodlines, as being such an energy force. Your email address will not be published. So what in the world did the cosmonauts of the Salyut 7 see? To protect the inside of the windows, they were covered with removable glass panels. But the military space station, Almaz, had also recently been cancelled, without its final mission taking place. As with its predecessors, Salyut-7 had docking ports to the fore and aft, so crew rotation and resupply could happen simultaneously. See production, box office & company info. Soyuz T-7, T-9 and T-11 performed the operation, piloted by resident crews. Our latest book, Historys Most Bizarre, Outlandish, And Controversial UFO And Alien Encounters contains over 60 encounters. Incidentally, she achieved this eight days after docking with the Salyut 7, on 25th July 1984. Its overall structure and operational activities were very similar to Salyut 6. Salyut 7 - The forgotten rescue of a dead space station. mode: 'thumbnails-m', This is almost a by-product to the constant opportunism of some alternative media sites. What is the Canadian French language plot outline for Salyut-7 (2017)? Why are there no photographs of this incident? Vladimir described the apparatus as a flashing tennis ball. The first task aboard the new station was to launch a 28-kilogram (61 lb) amateur radio satellite from the trash airlock. Some even claim these strange beings to be nothing less than actual angels. Ultimately, however, the accounts of the cosmonauts and the incident itself, has largely come together from released reports and research. According to the crew members, the humanoids were flying at the same speed as the station for 10 minutes. The Soyuz was fitted with a laser rangefinder and the crew took night vision goggles in case they had to dock on the night side. By methodically moving through a series of hatches, paying careful attention to equalize the pressures at each step, Dzhanibekov and Savinykh finally reached the work area of Salyut 7. Your email address will not be published. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. On 11th February 1985, telemetry reported a huge electrical surge, knocking out radio transmission from Salyut. On 11 February 1985, contact with Salyut 7 was lost. In 2018, the picture was awarded the Golden Eagle (Film Award, 2018) prize for Best Film and Best Film Editing; Nika (Film Award, 2018) awards for Best Cinematography and Nika nominations for Best Feature Film. It was part of the Soviet Salyut programme, and launched on 19 April 1982 on a Proton rocket from Site 200/40 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Soviet Union. The instruments and walls were covered with a fine layer of frozen moisture a picturesque scene that belied the severe risk of an electrical short. The Soviets understood that docking a crewed Soyuz spacecraft with Salyut 7 was a supremely dangerous maneuver. In all, there were seven of these celestial entities. The fact that you are reading this article, however, is proof that none of these have yet proven to be true. The mission directive was to ensure that Savitskaya would complete a successful spacewalk before the Americans. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); [] HISTORY | howandwhys | marcianitosverdes []. The intention was of conducting various scientific experiments in space. We have only within the last century really begun to comprehend some of its secrets to any appreciable degree, and there are certainly wonders beyond our imagination for us yet to behold. . Another striking example is the incident that occurred in 1980 during the flight of the Salyut-6 station, onboard which were Valery Ryumin and Leonid Popov. On 9 September 1983, during the stay of Vladimir Lyakhov and Alexander Alexandrov, while reorienting the station to perform a radiowave transmission experiment, Lyakhov noticed the pressure of one fuel tank was almost zero. After watching Salyut-7 which I found well made, well acted, human and tense, I wanted to know the true story. Marcus Lowth is a writer with a love for UFOs, aliens, and the Ancient Astronaut Theory, to the paranormal, general conspiracies, and unsolved mysteries. During hypnotic regression, Gagarin claimed that he could remember seeing an enormous, mysterious figure floating in space in front of him, and that he had heard a voice in his head saying, Do not worry, everything will be fine. Whats more, they also claim they are here to announce the end of the world. [6] Jean-Loup Chrtien who flew on both Franco-Soviet and then later Franco-American space missions, serves as the inspiration for the French astronaut sent on the American mission to recover Salyut 7 in the film. Instead, the only solution was to send up a Soyuz with a two-man crew consisting of Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Victor Savinikh to dock manually with Salyut-7 and attempt a rescue. Over time the batteries ran flat and soon the whole station went dead, unable to communicate with the ground or function at all. mode: 'thumbnails-rr', It did not carry a recovery vehicle, and remained connected to the station for use by the crew of Soyuz T-14. I observed this incident for about one minute and seven seconds. A special tool to fix the third leak was delivered by Soyuz T-12, and the leak was subsequently fixed.[8]. In October 1984, Salyut-7s third cosmonaut crew returned from orbit aboard Soyuz, and the space station entered autopilot mode, monitored by remote command from the Soviet ground team. The station began to drift, doing unpredictable movement on orbit, and all systems shut down. I would like to know how feasible this plan actually was. In the era of space flights, people began to notice strange things that were happening in space. This small lab, orbiting two hundred kilometres (or 120 miles) above the Earth, would go further than any spacecraft before, to become a base for six long-term expeditions. So, although a crewed rescue mission to Salyut 7 was a dangerous proposition, if successful, the Soviet's would save both time and money as well as face. Brent Swancer is an author and crypto expert living in Japan. Also, every Soyuz reentry takes place on land - although Soyuz craft are designed to land in water in an emergency, there was no plan to splashdown in the Indian Ocean as the English dub of the film suggests. Salyut 7 was the most advanced and most comfortable space station of the Salyut series. It jettisoned its recovery module on 23 August, and re-entered the atmosphere on 19 September. **The conspiracy subreddit is a thinking ground. When ground operators attempted to bring the transmitters back online, a second surge swept through the station, knocking out radio receivers as well. Instead of deorbiting the lab, a decision was made to boost Salyut-7 to a higher. I saw it becoming transparent and like with a body inside. The cosmonauts performed an analysis of the air quality aboard the station, confirming it was breathable, and opened the porthole shades to allow sunlight to help warm the station. _taboola.push({ Was their appearance a prophecy of the end of the world, and of terrible times to come? After contact with the Salyut 7 space station is lost, cosmonauts Vladimir Fyodorov and Viktor Alyokhin attempt to dock with the empty, frozen craft to bring it back to life.[4]. Hallucination or not? https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salyut_7 With delays to the Mir programme it was decided to launch the back-up vehicle as Salyut 7. The Kingman UFO Crash A Discreet Downed UFO That Slipped Under The Radar? Aprs avoir perdu le contact avec la station spatiale Saliout 7, les cosmonautes Vladimir Dzhanibekov et Viktor Savinykh accostent avec l'engin vide et gel pour le ramener la vie. Each of the cosmonauts was subject to intense and prolonged examinations upon their return to Earth. Youll come back to Earth, before the apparition vanished into thin air right before his eyes. Receive the latest articles directly in your inbox weekly. Salyut 7 has an approval rating of 100% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 12 reviews, and an average rating of 6.83/10.[5]. Appointments 866.588.2264. By signing up you may also receive reader surveys and occasional special offers. While STS-51-F had the largest launch inclination of these three shuttle missions at 49.5 degrees, it is unlikely the Challenger would have been able to rendezvous with Salyut 7, which was at a 51.6 degree inclination. Was this hallucinations seen by all of these crew members? it appeared that there was perhaps something more going on beyond simple hallucinations. Please message /u/swim1929 with any feedback and/or hate. It is also known for a very bizarre series of bizarre, unexplained events witnessed by the crew. According to producer Bakur Bakuradze, the authors of the script relied on the diaries of Viktor Savinykh, that talk in detail about the entire expedition, but "its difficult for a person who does not know the subtleties of the space theme to understand all the details. The #Salyut 7 Incident - Space Hallucinations, Or The Watchers? Abandoning Salyut-7 had its own risks, because nobody could predict what the capricious computers might do. Ground control decided to try to repair the damaged pipes, in what was the most complex repair attempted during EVA at the time. Post a new comment! For months in 1985, the 16-metre (50-foot) long station drifted, silent and out of control. Salyut-7 could help make this a reality, by testing out new hardware and training cosmonauts. We do not aim to prove nordisprove any of the theories, cases, or reports. The station suffered from two major problems, the first of which required extensive repair work to be performed on a number of EVAs. From the UFO Insight Archives. container: 'taboola-mid-article-thumbnails', To support experiments in cultivating plants in space, several different plant life support systems were installed: Oasis 1A, Vazon, Svetoblok, Magnetogravistat, Biogravistat and Fiton(Phyton)-3. Various crew and modules were used over its lifetime, including a total of 12 manned and 15 unmanned launches. https://books.google.es/books?id=qe8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT14&lpg=PT14&dq=cosmonaut+angels&source=bl&ots=jKivDc68sm&sig=4iA2UerHDH3bk51oTP-rb3Xjw64&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Ozh_T7-zOIrq9AT29Y3mBw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=true, Non-Mobile link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salyut_7, HelperBot v1.1 r/HelperBot_ I am a bot. We have written before about Nancy Lieder who has made various predictions about the end of the world. The problem with this explanation is that six seasoned, experienced cosmonauts all saw the same thing at the same time, and all of them were given clean bills of mental and physical health afterward, making it seem rather unlikely that this could all be in their heads. Neither the crew nor ground control knew what had caused the station to go dark, or what lay in wait for them inside. Salyut 7 operations from 1984 to 1986 are discussed in Chapter 2. In the Soviet media, new achievements were needed to justify the expense of the space programmes, and bolster national pride. Mining Pools: Why They Are So Popular In 2023, 1.2 Million Years Ago Unknown Human Species Manufactured Obsidian Axe In Mass, Luis Elizondo: There Are UFO Photos With Entities Inside & Otherworldly Biological Samples, Ex-US Sec. To feed this hunger, cosmonauts spent longer and longer in their capsules, on spacewalks and then, inhabiting manned space stations. The Salyut-7 rescue operation was unprecedented in the world cosmonautics history: we pioneered in successful docking of the manned space vehicle with inoperative (uncontrolled) in-orbit object. Unlikely admittedly not to mention the amount of time that has passed since seemingly without such an apocalyptic incident. The crew of three aboard the Salyut 7 all then allegedly looked out of the portals to try and see what was causing this inexplicable brilliant glow. Mir, the state-of-the-art orbital facility in development, was delayed and still six years from launch. One at a time, they revived the lights, communications, water storage and delivery apparatus, and so on. NASAs announcement in 1983 that they would make astronaut, Kathryn Sullivan the first woman to complete a spacewalk began things. In February 1985, the Soviet Union's Salyut 7 space station unexpectedly lost power, rendering it useless. Biology, nature, and cryptozoology still remain Brent Swancers first intellectual loves. In SpaceCraft, Videos by Paul Shillito30th June 2017Leave a Comment. _taboola.push({ The consultants were cosmonauts Sergei Krikalev and Aleksandr Lazutkin, the head of the Roscosmos by Igor Komarov and specialists from the SP Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (corporation). Suddenly Salyut-7 was out of contact, with no way of diagnosing what might have gone wrong. In September 1983, a fuel leak was discovered after almost a whole tank was vented into space. **, Press J to jump to the feed. Could hazardous space weather threaten NASAs Artemis program? With the upcoming Mir, the Soviets planned to do more than had ever been possible with single-launch stations. The authors of the film chose material that allowed them to remain true to the facts. It had two docking ports, one on either end of the station, to allow docking with the Progress unmanned resupply craft, and a wider front docking port to allow safer docking with a Heavy Cosmos module. After carefully working through the Salyuts electrical systems, the cause of the power loss was eventually pinpointed to a single sensor, on one of the batteries. Officially, the launch was scrubbed for technical reasons. So one crew member stayed in the Soyuz to monitor the one working in the station. The short video clip below features Icke explaining this theory in more detail. According to commander Oleg Atkov and cosmonauts Vladmir Solovyov and Leonid Kizim, the space station was completely bathed in a mesmerizing orange light. He has been writing and researching with over 20 years of experience. Kosmos 1686 was launched on 27 September 1985, docking with the station on 2 October. However, due to funding cuts for future Salyut 7 missions, the collapse of the soviet union and the and the nonappearance of the Buran shuttle, the stations orbit gradually decayed, and in 1991, three years earlier than intended, the last Salyut broke up during and uncontrolled re-entry over south America. Supposedly the very first human to go into space, cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, had his own encounter with such a creature in April of 1961. This was to be attempted by the next crew, the current one lacking the necessary training and tools. Even as recently as 2008, an anonymous spacecraft operator from the Kennedy Space Center stated he witnessed a large alien standing in the payload bay of a space shuttle. As the Soyuz approached more closely, it appeared that the solar panels were misaligned: the electrical systems had completely failed. With the station back up and running, the crew of Soyuz T-13 was no longer on a rescue mission. Upon arrival, on 6 June 1985, the Soyuz crew found the station was not broadcasting radar or telemetry for rendezvous, and after arrival and external inspection of the tumbling station, the crew estimated proximity using handheld laser rangefinders. When the Salyut mission was concluded and the . Salyut 7 (Russian: -7; English: Salute 7) (a.k.a. Furthermore, it is a prophet or a warning of something bad about to happen. [1] This operation forms the basis of the 2017 Russian film Salyut 7. Not long after these new crew members boarded, the station was once again bathed in that potent, bedazzling light, and this time all six of the crew looked out of the portholes to see several of the massive angelic beings swimming through the blackness of space outside, again with their benevolent smiling faces. In some cases, they're temporary and harmless, while in others, they may be a sign of a more serious mental health or neurological condition. USSR, June 1985. At least do a little bit of research and you would have found that.
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